Geography and Environment · Classes 9-10 · Chapter 1
Concept of Environment.
Wherever you are, something surrounds you: soil, trees, roads, air. Is the whole of that what we call environment? The book says so, and two definitions will keep it straight in your head, along with who said which.
1. What environment is made of
People live in an environment, wherever they settle. It is a surrounding condition that wraps around them, and all the gifts of nature mixed together make up the environment.
The book's list runs: rivers, canals, seas, oceans, hills, mountains, forests, jungles, houses, roads, plants, animals, water, soil and air. The environment is built from these. Touch the chips below and run down the list.
It can also be put another way: the environment of a living thing is the combined influence and events of all the living and non-living elements around it.
part of environment or notfrom the book's list
What makes up the environment
River. Part of the environment. It is in the book's list.
Mountain. Part of the environment. It is in the book's list.
Forest. Part of the environment. It is in the book's list.
Plants. Part of the environment. It is in the book's list.
Animals. Part of the environment. It is in the book's list.
Water. Part of the environment. It is in the book's list.
Soil. Part of the environment. It is in the book's list.
Air. Part of the environment. It is in the book's list.
Roads. Part of the environment. It is in the book's list.
Houses. Part of the environment. It is in the book's list.
All ten seen. Every one is part of the environment: the gifts of nature, and the houses and roads people build too.
2. Two definitions
Environmental scientist Arms said, “Environment is the surrounding organic and natural situations of animals.”
According to C. C. Park, “Environment means the sum of all the situations of humans at a certain point of place and time.” Decide below which words belong to whom.
sort themchip, then bin
Whose definition
Pick up a chip, then drop it in the box of the person who said it.
Right. Next one.
Not yet. Ask: is it about organic and natural situations, or about place and time?
Both in place. Arms speaks of organic and natural; Park speaks of place, time and a sum.
3. Changing with place and time
Park's definition holds both place and time, so the environment changes with the change of place and time.
At the beginning of mankind, soil, water, air, plants and animals made up the environment. Later, social, economic, cultural and political activities of people were added, and a new kind of environment developed, the human environment. Drag the handle to compare the early picture with the later one.
Park's definition works like a machine with two dials: a place and a time. Change the place, then add what people do, and watch the sum change.
place and timepick a place, add acts
The environment at one point
The picture shows the idea. The number in the sum only counts names; nothing is measured.
One cause follows from this: the activities of people are a reason the environment changes. Human work was added to the early environment, and that is why it changed. So all activities of human beings have a profound effect on the natural and man-made features of the environment.
4. Check yourself
Three questions, one at a time.
check yourselfpick one answer
Question 1
What is made when all the gifts of nature mix together?
Geography is the description of the earth; the gifts of nature together make the environment.
Right. All the gifts of nature mixed together make the environment.
Society is the environment made by people.
The earth is a planet; the gifts of nature together make the environment.
The second.
check yourselfpick one answer
Question 2
"The surrounding organic and natural conditions of a community of living things are called environment": who said this?
Right. According to the environmental scientist Arms, the surrounding organic and natural condition of a community of living things is environment.
Park's definition is the sum of all conditions around humans at a point of place and time.
Ritter defined geography, not environment.
Hartshorne defined geography, not environment.
The last.
check yourselfpick one answer
Question 3
"Environment is the sum of all the conditions surrounding man at a given point of place and time": who said this?
Stamp defined geography. The correct answer is: Park.
Hartshorne defined geography. The correct answer is: Park.
Arms' definition is about the organic and natural conditions of living communities.
Right. According to C. C. Park, environment is the sum of all conditions around humans at a point of place and time.
The whole note on seven cards.
cut from the notetap to turn over
Seven cards
QuestionAccording to the book, what is environment made from when everything combines?
AnswerAll the gifts of nature.
QuestionWhat is the environment of a living thing (BV)?
AnswerThe combined influence and happenings of all living and non-living elements around it.
Question'Environment is the surrounding organic and natural situations of animals': whose words?
AnswerEnvironmental scientist Arms'.
QuestionWho defined environment as the sum of all situations around humans at a point of place and time?
AnswerC. C. Park.
QuestionWhat happens to the environment when place and time change?
AnswerThe environment changes too.
QuestionWhat was added to the early environment to create a new kind of environment?
AnswerHuman social, economic, cultural and political activities.
QuestionWhich human activities lead to changes in the environment?
AnswerSocial, economic, cultural and political activities.
Source: Geography and Environment, Classes 9-10 (NCTB), Chapter 1 “Geography and Environment”, the “Concept of Environment” part.